开滦矿区地应力场特征及其研究意义Characteristics of In-situ Stress Field in Kailuan coal mine Field and Its Research Significance
孟雅,王睿
摘要(Abstract):
地应力是影响矿井突水的重要因素之一,是存在于地壳中的重要能量场条件。采用现场应力解除法对开滦矿区多个矿井进行了地应力测试,分析了研究区现今地应力分布规律,在此基础上,建立了煤层底板突水危险性与岩石力学性质及地应力之间的相关关系和模型,对范各庄矿12煤层底板和东欢坨矿12-2煤层底板突水危险性进行了评价。研究结果表明,本区地壳浅部现代地应力作用较强,整体处于近东西向挤压应力场中,在挤压应力作用下,煤岩层应力状态主要表现为水平主应力大于垂直主应力,原岩应力主要由构造应力和自重应力场构成。煤层底板突水危险性受岩石力学条件和地应力所控制,当岩石破裂压力大于水压(Pf>Pw),则不产生突水;若岩石破裂压力小于水压时,则有可能突水。当承压水的水压(Pw)小于最小水平主应力(σhmin)时,不会产生突水。只有当承压水的水压(Pw)大于最小水平主应力(σhmin)时,存在突水危险性。范各庄矿12煤层底板和东欢坨矿12-2煤层底板破裂压力(Pf)和最小主应力(σhmin)均大于其底板岩体承受的水压(Pw),本区在无构造破坏卸压条件下是不会发生底板突水的。
关键词(KeyWords): 开滦矿区;地应力场;煤层底板;突水危险性
基金项目(Foundation): 国家重点基础研究发展计划资助(973计划)课题(2007CB209405);; 国家自然科学基金项目(41172145和41030422);; 教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20100023110003)
作者(Author): 孟雅,王睿
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