贺强

• 1:中煤东方控股有限公司

摘要(Abstract)：

煤炭作为我国主体能源地位短期内难以改变，在“双碳”目标政策背景下，降低煤炭消费总量及其生产、消费过程中的碳排放强度是实现“双碳”目标的必然选择。地下煤火对资源、环境、经济等造成严重的影响，同时燃烧过程中产生大量CO_2,精准探测地下煤火的位置是准确有效开展灭火治理工作的前提。为了给地下煤火探测技术发展提供决策参考，阐述了目前常用于探测地下煤火位置的遥感、地球物理、化探等技术的机理、研究进展及优缺点，单一探测技术均有一定的局限性和适用性，建议今后应从探测新技术开发、数据精细处理和高精度探测设备研制等领域开展进一步的研究。更加快速、全面、准确地确定地下煤火分布范围，对于保障煤炭安全生产、开展煤火防治及实现“双碳”目标具有重要的意义。

关键词(KeyWords)： 碳达峰;碳中和;地下煤火;探测技术;西部地区

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 中国煤炭地质总局科技创新项目“总局‘碳达峰，碳中和’实施路径与行动方案”(ZMKJ-2021-ZX01)

作者(Author): 贺强

参考文献(References)：

• [1]朱红青，袁杰，赵金龙，等.地下煤火分布及探测技术现状研究[J].工业安全与环保，2019,45(12):28-32.Zhu H,Yuan J,Zhao J,et al.Research on the status of underground coal fire distribution and development of the detection technology [J].Industrial Safety and Environmental Protection,2019,45(12):28-32.
• [2]郭军，李帅，蔡国斌，等.采空区隐蔽火源探测及声学法煤温感知新技术探讨[J].中国安全生产科学技术，2021,17(6):5-11.Guo J,Li S,Cai G,et al.Discussion on new technologies of hidden fire source detection and coal temperaturesensing by acoustic method for goaf [J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2021,17(6):5-11.
• [3]刘晓晨，武建军，刘明，等.气象条件对地下煤火浅层温度的影响[J].煤炭学报，2011,36(8):1334-1341.Liu X,Wu J,Liu M,et al.Effect of local meteorological conditions on shallow subsurfacetemperature above underground coal fire [J].Journal of China Coal Society,2011,36(8):1334-1341.
• [4]王国法.“碳中和”不是零碳，“碳达峰”也绝不是能源达峰[J].山西煤炭，2021,41(3):1.Wang G.“Carbon neutralization” is not zero carbon,and “carbon peak” is by no means energy peak[J].ShanxiCoal,2021,41(3):1.
• [5]王双明，申艳军，孙强，等.“双碳”目标下煤炭开采扰动空间CO2地下封存途径与技术难题探索[J/OL].煤炭学报，2022 [2022-02-11].https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?filename=MTXB20220117000&dbname=cjfdtotal&dbcode=cjfd&v=.DOI:10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.YG21.1872.Wang S,Shen Y,Sun Q,et al.Underground CO2 storage and technical problems in coal mining area under the “dual carbon” target[J/OL].Journalof China Coal Society,2022 [2022-02-11].https://kns.cnki.net/kcms/detail/detail.aspx?filename=MTXB20220117000&dbname=cjfdtotal&dbcode=cjfd&v=.DO:10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.YG21.1872.
• [6]Paul van D,Zhang J,Wang J,et al.Assessment of the contribution of in-situ combustion of coal to greenhouse gas emission:based on a comparison of Chinese mining information to previous remote sensing estimates [J].International Journal of Coal Geology,86(2011):108–119.
• [7]武建军，蒋卫国，刘晓晨，等.地下煤火探测、监测与灭火技术研究进展[J].煤炭学报，2009,34(12):1669-1674.Wu J,Jiang W,Liu X,et al.Innovative technologies for exploration,monitoring andextinction of underground coal fires [J].Journal of China Coal Society,2009,34(12):1669-1674.
• [8]包兴东.新疆第五次煤田火区普查成果分析[J].能源与环保，2021,43(2):1-4.Bao X.Analysis on results of the fifth coalfield fire area survey in Xinjiang [J].China Energy and Environmental Protection,2021,43(2):1-4.
• [9]王伟.煤田火灾探测与治理技术现状及发展趋势[J].煤矿安全，2020,51(11):206-209,215.Wang W.Current Situation and Development Trend for Coalfield Fire Exploration and Governance Technology [J].Safety in Coal Mines,2020,51(11):206-209+215.
• [10]梁运涛，侯贤军，罗海珠，等.我国煤矿火灾防治现状及发展对策[J].煤炭科学技术，2016,44(6):1-6,13.Liang Y,Hou X,Luo H,et al.Development countermeasures and current situation of coal mine fire prevention & extinguishing in China [J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(6):1-6,13.
• [11]文虎，田晴，赵向涛，等.煤层火灾监测与治理研究现状及发展趋势[J].煤炭工程，2021,53(9):101-106.Wen H,Tian Q,Zhao X,et al.Research status and development trend of coal fire monitoring and control [J].Coal Engineering,2021,53(9):101-106.
• [12]邓军，李贝，王凯，等.我国煤火灾害防治技术研究现状及展望[J].煤炭科学技术，2016,44(10):1-7+101.Deng J,Li B,Wang K,et al.Research status and outlook on prevention and control technology of coal fire disaster in China [J].Coal Science and Technology,2016,44(10):1-7+101.
• [13]李峰，崔希民，孙广通，等.无人机热红外遥感煤火探测方法[J].煤矿安全，2017,48(12):97-100.Li F,Cui X,Sun G,et al.Approach of Detecting Coal Fires by Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Thermal Infrared Remote SensingTechnology [J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(12):97-100.
• [14]刘竞龙，汪云甲，闫世勇，等.乌鲁木齐东侧煤火多源遥感融合探测[J].煤矿安全，2019,50(8):158-161.Liu J,Wang Y,Yan S,et al.Multi-source remote sensing fusion detection of coal fire in eastern Urumchi [J].Safety in Coal Mines,2019,50(8):158-161.
• [15]周小虎，林燕.航空遥感在内蒙古大岭矿区煤火信息提取中的应用[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版),2009,39(5):837-840.Zhou X,Lin Y.The application of information extraction of aerial infrared remote sensing images in Daling coalfield,Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region [J].Journal of Northwest University(Natural Science Edition),2009,39(5):837-840.
• [16]毛耀保.宁夏汝箕沟煤田火区高光谱定量遥感探测研究[J].国土资源遥感，2010(3):69-75.Mao Y.Research on Hyperspectral Quantitative Remote Sensing Detectionof the Rujigou Coal Fire Area in Ningxia [J].Remote Sensing for Natural Resources,2010(3):69-75.
• [17]陈民，王宁，方利，等.遥感技术在乌达煤火变化监测中的应用[J].中国矿业，2016,25(S2):308-311+323.Chen M,Wang N,Fang L,et al.Application of remote sensing on coalfield fire monitoring in Wuda[J].China Mining Magazine,2016,25(S2):308-311,323.
• [18]陈云浩，李京，杨波，等.基于遥感和GIS的煤田火灾监测研究——以宁夏汝箕沟煤田为例[J].中国矿业大学学报，2005(2):97-101.Chen Y,Li J,Yang B,et al.Monitoring Coal Fires Based on Remotely Sensed Data and GIS Technique in Coalfields —A Case Study of RujigouCol field in Nixia,China [J].Journal of China University of Mining & Technology,2005(2):97-101.
• [19]齐福辉，张福英.地下煤火的探测及防治[J].中国煤炭地质，2010,22(S1):143-146.Qi F,Zhang F.Detection and controlling of underground coal burning [J].Coal Geology of China,2010,22(S1):143-146.
• [20]张辛亥，窦凯，李经文，等.磁异常划分煤岩火区机理及应用[J].煤炭工程，2021,53(3):135-139.Zhang X,Dou K,Li J,et al.Mechanism and application of coal-rock fire zone division based on magnetic anomalies [J].Coal Engineering,2021,53(3):135-139.
• [21]朱晓颖，于长春，熊盛青，等.磁法在煤火探测中的应用[J].物探与化探，2007(2):115-119.Zhu X,Yu C,Xiong S,et al.The application of the magnetic method to the detection of underground coal fires[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2007(2):115-119.
• [22]王卫平，于长春，方迎尧，等.内蒙古乌达地区地球物理场特征与地下煤火分布[J].物探与化探，2007(6):551-555.Wang W,Yu C,Fang Y,et al.Geophysical characteristics and underground coal fire distribution in Wuda area inner Mongolia[J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2007(6):551-555.
• [23]邵振鲁，王德明，王雁鸣.高密度电法探测煤火的模拟及应用研究[J].采矿与安全工程学报，2013,30(3):468-474.Shao Z,Wang D,Wang Y.Simulation of high-density electrical method indetecting coal fires and its application [J].Journal of Mining & Safety Engineering,2013,30(3):468-474.
• [24]宋吾军，王雁鸣，邵振鲁.高密度电法与磁法探测煤田火区的数值模拟[J].煤炭学报，2016,41(4):899-908.Song W,Wang Y,Shao Z.Numerical simulation of electrical resistance tomography method andmagnetic method in detecting coal fires [J].Journal of China Coal Society,2016,41(4):899-908.
• [25]贺小元，王峰，雒铮，等.高密度电法在煤火勘查中的应用：以活鸡兔煤矿为例[J].中国矿业，2022,31(1):168-174.He X,Wang F,Luo Z,et al.Application of high-density electrical method to prospect coal fire:taking Huojitu coal mine as an example [J].China Mining Magazine,2022,31(1):168-174.
• [26]杨峰，彭苏萍，马建伟，等.乌达煤田地下燃烧状况雷达探测谱分析算法[J].煤炭学报，2010,35(5):770-775.Yang F,Peng S,Ma J,et al.Spectral analysis for ground penetrating radar surveys of theunderground coal fire in Wuda Coal Mine [J].Journal of China Coal Society,2010,35(5):770-775.
• [27]胡明顺，潘冬明，董守华，等.煤火区浅部松散煤体及采空区的探地雷达响应特征[J].物探与化探，2012,36(4):598-601+606.Hu M,Pan D,Dong S,et al.GPR response characteristics of shallow loose coal seam and goaf in the coalfield combustion area [J].Geophysical and Geochemical Exploration,2012,36(4):598-601+606.
• [28]郭刚，贾继标，黄丹青，等.鄂尔多斯浅层煤矿煤火区探测方法[J].煤矿安全，2013,44(9):137-139.Guo G,Jia J,Huang D,et al.Fire area detection method of shallow coal mine in Ordos [J].Safety in Coal Mines,2013,44(9):137-139.
• [29]金永飞，邓军，许延辉，等.测氡法探测地下煤火技术研究与应用[J].西安科技大学学报，2010,30(6):647-650.Jin Y,Deng J,Xu Y,et al.Application of radon detection method indetecting of underground coal fire [J].Journal of Xi'an University of Science and Technology,2010,30(6):647-650.
• [30]陈辉，张青松，李尚国，等.阜康气煤一号井煤田火区治理技术[J].煤矿安全，2012,43(10):74-76.Chen H,Zhang Q,Li S,et al.Coal fire area treatment technology in Fukanggas coal No.1 mine [J].Safety in Coal Mines,2012,43(10):74-76.
• [31]王海燕，冯超，檀学宇，等.复杂火区条件下煤火圈划和火源位置探测方法及应用[J].中国安全生产科学技术，2013,9(7):95-99.Wang H,Feng C,Tan X,et al.The combustion zone probing & fire location detecting in complex coal mine fire zone [J].Journal of Safety Science and Technology,2013,9(7):95-99.
• [32]刘志忠，王伟.瞬时法测量氡气在小窑隐蔽火源探测中的应用[J].煤矿安全，2017,48(7):148-150+154.Liu Z,Wang W.Application of Instantaneous Measurement of Radon in the Detection of Hidden Fire Sources in SmallCoal Pits [J].Safety in Coal Mines,2017,48(7):148-150+154.
• [33]郑学召，贾勇骁，郭军，等.煤田火灾监测技术研究现状及展望[J].工矿自动化，2019,45(5):6-10+61.Zheng X,Jia Y,Guo J,et al.Research status and prospect of coalfield fire monitoring technologies[J].Industry and Mine Automation,2019,45(5):6-10+61.
• [34]王建华，陈冰凌.汝箕沟矿区火区治理及监测方法的选择与应用[J].中国煤炭地质，2021,33(11):81-86.Wang J,Chen B.Firezonegovernanceand monitoring method selection and application in Rujigou coalmine area[J].Coal Geology of China,2021,33(11):81-86.